Hunan University Folk Dance Teaching Experience Exchange Seminar Teaching Achievements.
湖南省高校民族民间舞教学经验交流研讨会教学成果展演来啦
November 4, 2023.
2023 年 11 月 4 日。
湖南省高校民族民间舞教学经验交流研讨会教学成果展演来啦
November 4, 2023.
2023 年 11 月 4 日。
张家界学院舞蹈学院舞蹈系教授库特岑科·尤利娅的报告
Report by Kutsenko Yuliya, Professor, Department of Dance, School of Dance, Zhangjiajie Academy
我向前来参加研讨会的各位专家学者表示衷心的感谢和热烈的欢迎，并衷心希望大家通过友好、开放的交流，充分分享教育教学经验，相互学习，热烈、自由地交流灵感，达成舞蹈艺术服务于市民、服务于社会、服务于国家的共识，形成舞蹈教学研究成果。
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks and warm welcome to all the experts and scholars who have come to participate in the seminar, and sincerely hope that through friendly and open communication, we can fully share our educational and teaching experience, learn from each other, exchange inspiration warmly and freely, and reach a common understanding that the art of dance serves the public, the society, and the nation, and form the results of research on the teaching and learning of dance.
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks and warm welcome to all the experts and scholars who have come to participate in the seminar, and sincerely hope that through friendly and open communication, we can fully share our educational and teaching experience, learn from each other, exchange inspiration warmly and freely, and reach a common understanding that the art of dance serves the public, the society, and the nation, and form the results of research on the teaching and learning of dance.
"民族民间舞蹈教学经验浅谈"。
"An Introduction to the Experience of Teaching Ethnic Folk Dance."
"An Introduction to the Experience of Teaching Ethnic Folk Dance."
一、中国民族民间舞课堂教法应渗透美育
首先，理论教学中美育的渗透。民间舞的教学也要注重理论知识，理论知识能够让学生对民族民间舞有一个感性认识，最初学生感受民族民间舞蹈的美主要是通过视觉和听觉来进行的。民族民间舞蹈的美在理论教学中主要是通过审美媒介来感受到的。通过教材、视频等方式全面剖析民族民间舞蹈的动作美、服饰美以及音乐美。其次，实践教学中美育的渗透。在实践教学中，民族民间舞的美主要是通过动感的身体形象来展现。它的美主要表现在节奏美、表情美、造型美、性格美。节奏表现出的是身体对音乐的表达，合着音乐的节奏身体表现出一种韧、柔、张、驰的动态变奏，在流动的节奏美中隐藏的是身体的力量美、柔韧美、速度美、协调美。表情和造型美是一种瞬间的静态美，他体现的是一种线条、控制、平衡和激情，他能够在短暂的时间内在人们的大脑中留下深刻的印象。性格美体现出民族民间舞蹈是一个具有很强的个性特征的运动项目，由于不同人的内在气质和身体条件不同在表现民族民间舞蹈时所产生的美的效果不同。理论教学为学生提供了一个对民族民间舞的感性认识，而实践教学则提供了一个理性认识，这种理性认识在感性认识的基础上运用民族民间舞的美。民族民间舞的动作表现出来的是身体与情感的融合，通过这种身体与情感的融合来表现出民族民间舞的美。通过动作来表达情意是民族民间舞的精华。
First, the teaching method of Chinese folk dance classroom should permeate the aesthetic education
First of all, the penetration of aesthetic education in theoretical teaching. The teaching of folk dance should also pay attention to theoretical knowledge, theoretical knowledge can let students have a perceptual understanding of folk dance, initially students feel the beauty of folk dance mainly through the visual and auditory. The beauty of folk dance is mainly felt through the aesthetic medium in theory teaching. Through teaching materials, videos and other ways to comprehensively analyze the movement beauty, costume beauty and music beauty of folk dance. Secondly, the penetration of aesthetic education in practical teaching. In practical teaching, the beauty of folk dance is mainly shown through the dynamic body image. Its beauty is mainly expressed in the beauty of rhythm, expression, modeling and character. Rhythm shows the body's expression of music, and the body shows a kind of dynamic variation of toughness, flexibility, tension and speed with the rhythm of music, and what is hidden in the beauty of flowing rhythm is the beauty of the body's strength, flexibility, speed and coordination. The beauty of expression and modeling is a kind of instant static beauty, which embodies a kind of line, control, balance and passion, and it can leave a deep impression on people's brains in a short time. The beauty of personality reflects that folk dance is a sport with strong personality characteristics, due to different people's inner temperament and different physical conditions in the performance of folk dance produces different effects of beauty. Theoretical teaching provides students with a perceptual understanding of folk dance, while practical teaching provides a rational understanding, which is based on perceptual understanding of the beauty of folk dance. The movement of folk dance shows the fusion of body and emotion, and the beauty of folk dance is expressed through this fusion of body and emotion. Expressing feelings through movements is the essence of folk dance.
首先，理论教学中美育的渗透。民间舞的教学也要注重理论知识，理论知识能够让学生对民族民间舞有一个感性认识，最初学生感受民族民间舞蹈的美主要是通过视觉和听觉来进行的。民族民间舞蹈的美在理论教学中主要是通过审美媒介来感受到的。通过教材、视频等方式全面剖析民族民间舞蹈的动作美、服饰美以及音乐美。其次，实践教学中美育的渗透。在实践教学中，民族民间舞的美主要是通过动感的身体形象来展现。它的美主要表现在节奏美、表情美、造型美、性格美。节奏表现出的是身体对音乐的表达，合着音乐的节奏身体表现出一种韧、柔、张、驰的动态变奏，在流动的节奏美中隐藏的是身体的力量美、柔韧美、速度美、协调美。表情和造型美是一种瞬间的静态美，他体现的是一种线条、控制、平衡和激情，他能够在短暂的时间内在人们的大脑中留下深刻的印象。性格美体现出民族民间舞蹈是一个具有很强的个性特征的运动项目，由于不同人的内在气质和身体条件不同在表现民族民间舞蹈时所产生的美的效果不同。理论教学为学生提供了一个对民族民间舞的感性认识，而实践教学则提供了一个理性认识，这种理性认识在感性认识的基础上运用民族民间舞的美。民族民间舞的动作表现出来的是身体与情感的融合，通过这种身体与情感的融合来表现出民族民间舞的美。通过动作来表达情意是民族民间舞的精华。
First, the teaching method of Chinese folk dance classroom should permeate the aesthetic education
First of all, the penetration of aesthetic education in theoretical teaching. The teaching of folk dance should also pay attention to theoretical knowledge, theoretical knowledge can let students have a perceptual understanding of folk dance, initially students feel the beauty of folk dance mainly through the visual and auditory. The beauty of folk dance is mainly felt through the aesthetic medium in theory teaching. Through teaching materials, videos and other ways to comprehensively analyze the movement beauty, costume beauty and music beauty of folk dance. Secondly, the penetration of aesthetic education in practical teaching. In practical teaching, the beauty of folk dance is mainly shown through the dynamic body image. Its beauty is mainly expressed in the beauty of rhythm, expression, modeling and character. Rhythm shows the body's expression of music, and the body shows a kind of dynamic variation of toughness, flexibility, tension and speed with the rhythm of music, and what is hidden in the beauty of flowing rhythm is the beauty of the body's strength, flexibility, speed and coordination. The beauty of expression and modeling is a kind of instant static beauty, which embodies a kind of line, control, balance and passion, and it can leave a deep impression on people's brains in a short time. The beauty of personality reflects that folk dance is a sport with strong personality characteristics, due to different people's inner temperament and different physical conditions in the performance of folk dance produces different effects of beauty. Theoretical teaching provides students with a perceptual understanding of folk dance, while practical teaching provides a rational understanding, which is based on perceptual understanding of the beauty of folk dance. The movement of folk dance shows the fusion of body and emotion, and the beauty of folk dance is expressed through this fusion of body and emotion. Expressing feelings through movements is the essence of folk dance.
二、民族民间舞教学中要注重对动作形态的把握
民族民间舞演员掌握其风格的第一步就是动作的把握，民族民进舞的动作形态把握住了，基本上就把握住了民族民间舞的基本风格。风格是由艺术品的独特内容与形式相统一，作为创作主体的艺术家的个性特征与由作品的题材、体裁以及社会、时代等历史条件决定的客观特征相统一而形成的。在民族民间舞中风格就是一种变相的`民族精神，就是舞中的灵魂。由此可知，民族民间舞教学首先要让学生掌握好动作形态风格，只有这样民族民间舞蹈鲜明的艺术个性与气质才能充分体现出来。在民族民间舞的整个教学过程中，必须从体现我国传统舞蹈的民族体态风格开始，采取“内外结合，神形兼备”的技术法则和美学原理；在训练学生的身体功能和技巧表现力上，要从内容的情境出发，使形态、眼神、表情有机结合。只有这样，学生才能较好的把握好民族民间舞的形态风格。
Second, the teaching of ethnic folk dance should focus on the grasp of the movement form
Ethnic folk dance performers to master its style of the first step is to grasp the action, ethnic folk dance action form grasp, basically grasp the basic style of ethnic folk dance. The style is formed by the unity of the unique content and form of the artwork, and the unity of the personality characteristics of the artist as the main body of creation and the objective characteristics determined by the subject matter, genre, and historical conditions of the work, such as the society and the era. In folk dance, style is a kind of disguised `national spirit, the soul of the dance. From this, we can see that the teaching of folk dance should first let students master the style of movement form, only in this way can the distinctive artistic personality and temperament of folk dance be fully realized. In the whole teaching process of folk dance, it is necessary to start from reflecting the national style of traditional dance in our country, and adopt the technical law and aesthetic principle of "combining inside and outside, both God and form"; in the training of the students' body functions and skills in the expressive power, it is necessary to start from the context of the content, so that the form, the eyes, the expression of the organic combination. Only in this way can students grasp the form and style of folk dance better.
民族民间舞演员掌握其风格的第一步就是动作的把握，民族民进舞的动作形态把握住了，基本上就把握住了民族民间舞的基本风格。风格是由艺术品的独特内容与形式相统一，作为创作主体的艺术家的个性特征与由作品的题材、体裁以及社会、时代等历史条件决定的客观特征相统一而形成的。在民族民间舞中风格就是一种变相的`民族精神，就是舞中的灵魂。由此可知，民族民间舞教学首先要让学生掌握好动作形态风格，只有这样民族民间舞蹈鲜明的艺术个性与气质才能充分体现出来。在民族民间舞的整个教学过程中，必须从体现我国传统舞蹈的民族体态风格开始，采取“内外结合，神形兼备”的技术法则和美学原理；在训练学生的身体功能和技巧表现力上，要从内容的情境出发，使形态、眼神、表情有机结合。只有这样，学生才能较好的把握好民族民间舞的形态风格。
Second, the teaching of ethnic folk dance should focus on the grasp of the movement form
Ethnic folk dance performers to master its style of the first step is to grasp the action, ethnic folk dance action form grasp, basically grasp the basic style of ethnic folk dance. The style is formed by the unity of the unique content and form of the artwork, and the unity of the personality characteristics of the artist as the main body of creation and the objective characteristics determined by the subject matter, genre, and historical conditions of the work, such as the society and the era. In folk dance, style is a kind of disguised `national spirit, the soul of the dance. From this, we can see that the teaching of folk dance should first let students master the style of movement form, only in this way can the distinctive artistic personality and temperament of folk dance be fully realized. In the whole teaching process of folk dance, it is necessary to start from reflecting the national style of traditional dance in our country, and adopt the technical law and aesthetic principle of "combining inside and outside, both God and form"; in the training of the students' body functions and skills in the expressive power, it is necessary to start from the context of the content, so that the form, the eyes, the expression of the organic combination. Only in this way can students grasp the form and style of folk dance better.
三、民族民间舞教学中要注重对情感的把握
舞蹈与唱歌是一样的，都需要带有情感，都需要把其所要表现的情感表露出来，只有带有情感的表演才能够打动别人，才能够真正理解作品。在民族民间舞课堂教学中，动作模仿已经不再是主要的内容，它已经有了一整套的训练程序，都是从不同民族采风整理出来的，其形成还经过了提炼、加工和规范。但是民族民间舞课堂教学仅仅靠这一套训练程序是不能完成的，还需要融入舞蹈的情。首先，传统教学中，教师只注重动作的规范和舞姿的丰富多变指导，现代人们的审美观念已经随着社会的不断发展改变了很多，因此，传统的教学方法已经不能完全适应现代人们的需求。现代的民族民间舞课堂教学中教师不仅要注重解决动作的规范和舞姿的丰富多姿，更应该注重其本身所具有的真实的情感的体现。其次，在其他学科中，单一枯燥的教学会使学生对学习失去兴趣，在民族民间舞教学中也是如此。因此，教师在进行民族民间舞课堂教学中一定要注重把各民族的精神灌输给学生，引导学生站在生活的角度上体现情感、体验角色，然后再从动作中体现出所表达的情感，这样表演的效果肯定是优秀的、感人的。从培养情感角度出发，可以了解到民族民间舞所表达的丰富的情感是通过丰富的形态语言来实现的。
Third, the teaching of folk dance should focus on the grasp of emotion
Dance and singing are the same, both need to carry the emotion, both need to show the emotion it wants to show, only with the emotion of the performance can move others, can really understand the work. In the folk dance classroom teaching, movement imitation is no longer the main content, it has a whole set of training procedures, are sorted out from different nationalities, and its formation has been refined, processed and standardized. But folk dance classroom teaching can not be completed only by this set of training procedures, but also need to be integrated into the dance of love. First of all, in traditional teaching, teachers only focus on the standardization of movement and the rich and varied guidance of the dance, modern people's aesthetic concepts have changed a lot with the continuous development of society, so the traditional teaching methods can not be fully adapted to the needs of modern people. In modern folk dance classroom teaching, teachers should not only focus on solving the standardization of movement and the richness and variety of dance posture, but also focus on the embodiment of the real emotion that it has. Secondly, in other subjects, a single boring teaching will make students lose interest in learning, and the same is true in folk dance teaching. Therefore, teachers must focus on instilling the spirit of each nation into students in the classroom teaching of folk dance, guiding students to stand in the perspective of life to embody the emotions and experience the role, and then embody the expressed emotions from the movement, so that the effect of the performance will certainly be excellent and touching. From the perspective of cultivating emotions, it can be understood that the rich emotions expressed in ethnic folk dance are realized through the rich language of forms.
舞蹈与唱歌是一样的，都需要带有情感，都需要把其所要表现的情感表露出来，只有带有情感的表演才能够打动别人，才能够真正理解作品。在民族民间舞课堂教学中，动作模仿已经不再是主要的内容，它已经有了一整套的训练程序，都是从不同民族采风整理出来的，其形成还经过了提炼、加工和规范。但是民族民间舞课堂教学仅仅靠这一套训练程序是不能完成的，还需要融入舞蹈的情。首先，传统教学中，教师只注重动作的规范和舞姿的丰富多变指导，现代人们的审美观念已经随着社会的不断发展改变了很多，因此，传统的教学方法已经不能完全适应现代人们的需求。现代的民族民间舞课堂教学中教师不仅要注重解决动作的规范和舞姿的丰富多姿，更应该注重其本身所具有的真实的情感的体现。其次，在其他学科中，单一枯燥的教学会使学生对学习失去兴趣，在民族民间舞教学中也是如此。因此，教师在进行民族民间舞课堂教学中一定要注重把各民族的精神灌输给学生，引导学生站在生活的角度上体现情感、体验角色，然后再从动作中体现出所表达的情感，这样表演的效果肯定是优秀的、感人的。从培养情感角度出发，可以了解到民族民间舞所表达的丰富的情感是通过丰富的形态语言来实现的。
Third, the teaching of folk dance should focus on the grasp of emotion
Dance and singing are the same, both need to carry the emotion, both need to show the emotion it wants to show, only with the emotion of the performance can move others, can really understand the work. In the folk dance classroom teaching, movement imitation is no longer the main content, it has a whole set of training procedures, are sorted out from different nationalities, and its formation has been refined, processed and standardized. But folk dance classroom teaching can not be completed only by this set of training procedures, but also need to be integrated into the dance of love. First of all, in traditional teaching, teachers only focus on the standardization of movement and the rich and varied guidance of the dance, modern people's aesthetic concepts have changed a lot with the continuous development of society, so the traditional teaching methods can not be fully adapted to the needs of modern people. In modern folk dance classroom teaching, teachers should not only focus on solving the standardization of movement and the richness and variety of dance posture, but also focus on the embodiment of the real emotion that it has. Secondly, in other subjects, a single boring teaching will make students lose interest in learning, and the same is true in folk dance teaching. Therefore, teachers must focus on instilling the spirit of each nation into students in the classroom teaching of folk dance, guiding students to stand in the perspective of life to embody the emotions and experience the role, and then embody the expressed emotions from the movement, so that the effect of the performance will certainly be excellent and touching. From the perspective of cultivating emotions, it can be understood that the rich emotions expressed in ethnic folk dance are realized through the rich language of forms.
四、民族民间舞蹈教学应注重民族传统文化在教学过程中的渗透
民族民间舞蹈教学与民族民间舞蹈文化研究应共同发展，在教学内容中体现民族传统文化。我国有 56 个民族，每个民族至少有一种以本民族命名的舞蹈，可见民族民间舞蹈在我国的传播范围非常广，种类也很多。教师在教学内容中应尽量选择能表现民族特色的动态语汇和风格韵律，使学生掌握各民族民间舞蹈的风格，为学生做好铺垫。
Fourth, the teaching of ethnic folk dance should pay attention to the penetration of national traditional culture in the teaching process
Ethnic folk dance teaching and ethnic folk dance cultural research should be developed together, reflecting the traditional ethnic culture in the teaching content. There are 56 nationalities in our country, and each nationality has at least one kind of dance named after its own nationality, which shows that the spreading range of ethnic folk dance in our country is very wide and there are many kinds. Teachers should try to choose the dynamic vocabulary and style rhythms that can express the national characteristics in the teaching content, so that students can master the styles of folk dances of various nationalities and make a good preparation for students.
民族民间舞蹈教学与民族民间舞蹈文化研究应共同发展，在教学内容中体现民族传统文化。我国有 56 个民族，每个民族至少有一种以本民族命名的舞蹈，可见民族民间舞蹈在我国的传播范围非常广，种类也很多。教师在教学内容中应尽量选择能表现民族特色的动态语汇和风格韵律，使学生掌握各民族民间舞蹈的风格，为学生做好铺垫。
Fourth, the teaching of ethnic folk dance should pay attention to the penetration of national traditional culture in the teaching process
Ethnic folk dance teaching and ethnic folk dance cultural research should be developed together, reflecting the traditional ethnic culture in the teaching content. There are 56 nationalities in our country, and each nationality has at least one kind of dance named after its own nationality, which shows that the spreading range of ethnic folk dance in our country is very wide and there are many kinds. Teachers should try to choose the dynamic vocabulary and style rhythms that can express the national characteristics in the teaching content, so that students can master the styles of folk dances of various nationalities and make a good preparation for students.
另外，在民族民间舞课堂上教师可以借助音乐来激发学生的灵感。在音乐的引导下，学生就会有一个即兴创作的灵感。在中国民族民间舞中音乐本身就是舞蹈不可分割的一部分，音乐不同学生就会产生不同的动作，这样有利于学生应变能力的训练。音乐也是学生情感酝酿的一种重要因素，有助于学生更快地融入到舞蹈之中。因此，音乐的融入不仅培养了学生的创新能力、思维反映能力，而且还能够使学生把握准舞中的情感，最终演绎出一场优秀的表演。
In addition, teachers can use music to inspire students in folk dance class. Under the guidance of music, students will have an inspiration to improvise. In Chinese folk dance, music itself is an inseparable part of the dance, and students will produce different movements with different music, which is conducive to the training of students' adaptability. Music is also an important factor in students' emotional brewing, which helps students integrate into the dance more quickly. Therefore, the integration of music not only cultivates students' creativity and reflective thinking, but also enables students to grasp the emotions in the dance, and ultimately renders an excellent performance.
In addition, teachers can use music to inspire students in folk dance class. Under the guidance of music, students will have an inspiration to improvise. In Chinese folk dance, music itself is an inseparable part of the dance, and students will produce different movements with different music, which is conducive to the training of students' adaptability. Music is also an important factor in students' emotional brewing, which helps students integrate into the dance more quickly. Therefore, the integration of music not only cultivates students' creativity and reflective thinking, but also enables students to grasp the emotions in the dance, and ultimately renders an excellent performance.
民族民间舞蹈文化和民族民间舞蹈教学的融合，首先需要在理念上实现统一。尤其是在当今社会，文化多元化和全球化相互交织，人们的审美观念和价值观也趋于多元化。因此，在民族民间舞蹈教育中，植根于传统文化的民族民间舞蹈文化需要得到充分的重视和传承，但也需要灵活地体现现代人的审美观念，以满足现代人的文化需求。
民族民间舞蹈教学的方法应该以自由、灵活、活泼的教学方式为主，以鼓励学生表现出自己的个性特点为前提，既要传承民族民间舞蹈的经典，也能够灵活地融入现代元素。同时，还能够根据学生的水平和兴趣爱好进行差异化教学，让学生学得更加轻松和愉快。
The integration of folk dance culture and folk dance teaching firstly needs to realize unification in concept. Especially in today's society, cultural pluralism and globalization are intertwined, and people's aesthetic concepts and values tend to be diversified. Therefore, in ethnic folk dance education, ethnic folk dance culture rooted in traditional culture needs to be fully emphasized and inherited, but it also needs to flexibly reflect modern people's aesthetic concepts to meet modern people's cultural needs.
The teaching method of folk dance should be based on a free, flexible and lively teaching method, with the premise of encouraging students to show their own individual characteristics, which not only inherits the classics of folk dance, but also can flexibly incorporate modern elements. At the same time, it is also able to differentiate the teaching according to the level and interests of students, so that students can learn more easily and happily.
民族民间舞蹈教学的方法应该以自由、灵活、活泼的教学方式为主，以鼓励学生表现出自己的个性特点为前提，既要传承民族民间舞蹈的经典，也能够灵活地融入现代元素。同时，还能够根据学生的水平和兴趣爱好进行差异化教学，让学生学得更加轻松和愉快。
The integration of folk dance culture and folk dance teaching firstly needs to realize unification in concept. Especially in today's society, cultural pluralism and globalization are intertwined, and people's aesthetic concepts and values tend to be diversified. Therefore, in ethnic folk dance education, ethnic folk dance culture rooted in traditional culture needs to be fully emphasized and inherited, but it also needs to flexibly reflect modern people's aesthetic concepts to meet modern people's cultural needs.
The teaching method of folk dance should be based on a free, flexible and lively teaching method, with the premise of encouraging students to show their own individual characteristics, which not only inherits the classics of folk dance, but also can flexibly incorporate modern elements. At the same time, it is also able to differentiate the teaching according to the level and interests of students, so that students can learn more easily and happily.
民族民间舞蹈文化和民族民间舞蹈教学的实践应该实现统一，实践教学缺乏实际应用的情况下，学生对某一项技能的掌握常常只停留在理论层面。为此，民族民间舞蹈教学应注重实践教学，让学生能够在实践中加深对于民族文化的了解。并且，学校可以组织学生到实践场所，了解所学舞蹈的民俗民风，加强实践性教学。
Ethnic folk dance culture and the practice of folk dance teaching should be unified, the lack of practical application of practical teaching, students often master a skill only at the theoretical level. For this reason, folk dance teaching should focus on practical teaching, so that students can deepen their understanding of folk culture in practice. Moreover, schools can organize students to go to practice places to understand the folklore of the dance they are learning, so as to strengthen the practical teaching.
Ethnic folk dance culture and the practice of folk dance teaching should be unified, the lack of practical application of practical teaching, students often master a skill only at the theoretical level. For this reason, folk dance teaching should focus on practical teaching, so that students can deepen their understanding of folk culture in practice. Moreover, schools can organize students to go to practice places to understand the folklore of the dance they are learning, so as to strengthen the practical teaching.
